قلم ḳalam A s. m. (by Hindūs s. f. Sans. कलम Gr. ka/lamos) 1. A reed. 2. A pen. 3. A mode of writing characters, handwriting. 4. s. f. Cuttings of trees, &c. for planting, a set, a slip. 5. A kind of firework. قلم انداز ḳalam- andāz, Throwing away the pen. قلم بند کرنا ḳalam band karnā, To take down, to write. قلم بندي ḳalam-band-ī, s. f. Signature, signing an agreement. قلم تراش ḳalam-tarāsh, s. f. A penknife. قلم جاري هونا ḳalam jārī honā, Le- vying of forces. قلمدان ḳalam-dām, s. m. An inkstand. قلمرو ḳalam-rau, s. m. Empire, sove- reignty, jurisdiction. قلم کار ḳalam-kār, An en- graver. قلم کاري ḳalam-kār-ī, s. f. Engraving. قلم کرنا ḳalam karnā, To cut. قلم کشي ḳalam- kash-ī, s. f. Writing. قلم لگانا ḳalam lagānā, To plant slips or cuttings.

قماش ḳumāsh A (vulg. ḳimāsh) s. m. 1. Breeding, manners. 2. Trifles. 3. Goods, furniture of every kind. 4. Close or thick texture (in cloth, paper, &c.), texture, any thing heaped or collected together. ¶ ḳimāsh, Name of a suit at cards: see under تاج tāj.

قندل ḳandil A. s. (dakh.) See قنديل ḳandīl.

قوي ḳawī A adj. Strong, solid, powerful, vigo- rous. قوي پي ḳawī-pai, Sinewy. قوي دل ḳawī-dīl, Strong in the heart or mind. قوي هيکل ḳawī-haikal, Robust, powerful in body, gigantick.

قابض ḳābiẓ A (part. act. from قبض) 1. adj. Seizing, holding, grasping, taking. 2. Astrin- gent. 3. s. m. A receiver, possessor. قابض الارواح ḳābiẓu-l-arwāḥ, The angel of death.

قنديل ḳandīl A s. f. 1. A candle. 2. Lantern, chandelier, shade.

قلمي ḳalam-ī A. adj. 1. Of the reed or pen, writ- ten. 2. Crystallized (saltpetre, &c.).

ق ḳāf called قاف قرشت the twenty-first letter of the Arabic alphabet, does not occur in pure Persian, and has no analogous letter in Sans- krit. Its sound differs from that of ک or the

قدسي ḳuds-ī A 1. adj. Holy. 2. s. m. The angel Gabriel.

قيصر ḳaiṣar L. (Lat. Cæsar. Gr. *kaisar) s. m. Cæsar, an emperour. The general name for the Greek or Turkish emperour.