ظ z̤oʼe or in Arabic z̤ā, called ظاٴ معجمه or ظاٴ منقوطو the seventeenth letter of the Arabic alphabet, does not occur in pure Persian, nor has it any corresponding character in the Sanskrit alphabet. In the notation of numbers by the Arabic let- ters, it stands for 900. It is one of the radical letters; and, when it commences a verbal root, the servile ت in the measure تفعّل or تفاعل or افتعال may be changed into ظ and joined with the radical, in such wise as has been described,

ظالم z̤ālim A (part. act. of ظلم) 1. s. m. A tyrant, an oppressor. 2. adj. Tyrannical, unjust. 3. (met.) Applied to a beloved person or mistress. ظالم گداز z̤ālim-gudāz, A destroyer of the tyran- nical.

ظاهر z̤āhir A (part. act. of ظﮩر Heb. To shine, to appear) adj. Apparent, evident, open, mani- fest. s. m. The outside, the external, appear- ance. ظاهر پرست z̤āhir-parast, adj. Minding the outside or external; a superficial observer. ظاهر دار z̤āhir-dār, adj. Specious, plausible, showy. ظاهر کرنا z̤āhir karnā, To publish, show, disclose, discover, reveal, exhibit, mani- fest, explain, tell, pretend. ظاهر مين z̤āhir meṅ, Openly, apparently, in publick. ظاهر نما z̤āhir- numā, adj. Specious, plausible. ظاهر هونا z̤āhir- honā, v. n. To become publick or manifest, to be revealed, to be disclosed, to appear; the re- velation.

ظاهري z̤āhir-ī A. adj. External, apparent.

ظاهرًا z̤āhir-aṉ A or z̤āhir-ā, adv. Outwardly, openly, apparently, publickly, manifestly, evi- dently, plainly, seemingly.

ظبي z̤abī A (Heb. Ch. ) s. m. A deer.

ظرافت z̤arāfat A s. f. 1. Beauty. 2. Politeness, elegance, gallantry. 3. Wit, humour, jocula- rity, facetiousness.

ظرف z̤arf A s. m. 1. Ingenuity, elegance, politeness. 2. A vase, vessel; capability. 3. adj. Ingenious. 4. (in grammar) An adverb. ظرف زمان z̤arf-i-zamān, Adverb of time. ظرف مکان z̤arf-i-makān, Adverb of place. (Plur. ظروف z̤urūf, Vessels; adverbs, &c.)

ظريف z̤arīf A (from ظرف) adj. 1. Ingenious, po- lite, gallant, good, elegant. 2. Witty, jocose, arch, comical, waggish.

ظفر z̤afar A s. m. Victory. ظفرآيات z̤afar-āyāt, adj. Victory (in) signs, victorious. ظفر ياب z̤afar-yāb, Victorious, conqueror.

ظل z̤ill A (Ch. ) s. m. Shadow. ظل الله z̤illu- l-lāh, or ظل سبحاني z̤ill-i-subʼḥānī, Shadow of God; (met.) A king, an emperour. دام ظله or ظلـﮩم dāma z̤illuhu or z̤illuhum, May his or their prosperity continue!

ظلام z̤alām A s. m. Darkness. ¶ z̤allām (adj. superl.) A great oppressor; very tyrannical.

ظلم z̤ulm A s. m. Oppression, injustice, tyranny, injury. ظلم رسيده z̤ulm-rasīda, adj. Oppressed. ظلم پيشه z̤ulm-pesha, or ظلم شعار z̤ulm-shiʼāﻌr, or ظلم کيش z̤ulm-kesh, adj. Tyrannical; tyrant, oppressor. ظلم کرنا z̤ulm karnā, To oppress, tyrannise. ظلم گدازي z̤ulm-gudāz-ī, s. f. Dis- solving of oppresion, the putting an end to in- justice.

ظلمات z̤ulmāt A s. f. 1. (Plur. of ظلمت) Darkness. 2. A dark place where the water of im- mortality is said to be.

ظلمت z̤ulmat A s. f. Darkness.