عوام aﻌwāmm A s. plur. (of عامّة) The vulgar, po- pulace, common people. عوام الناس aﻌwāmmu- n-nās, The vulgar, common people.

عام āﻌmm A (from عمّ Heb. To cover, to contain; and, hence, to be common) adj. 1. Com- mon, publick, general, plebeian. 2. The vulgar, the common people. خاص وعام ḵẖāss-o-āﻌmm, High and low, peculiar and popular.

عارف āﻌrif A (part. act. of عرف) 1. adj. Wise, sagacious, ingenious, pious, devout. 2. s. m. A holy man. (Plur. عرفا uﻌrafā or عارفين āﻌri- fīn). A.P. عارفانه āﻌrif-āna, adv. Wisely, acutely, piously, devoutly. adj. Wise, pious.

علت iﻌllat A (from علّ Heb. To attempt, to cause) s. f. 1. Disease, defect. 2. Cause, pre- tence, pretext. 3. Filth, dirt. (Plur. علل iﻌlal). حرف علت ḥarf-i-iﻌllat, The interchangeable letter و,ا or ي. Every material substance is said to have four causes: علت صوري iﻌllat-i-ṣūrī, Formal cause, i. e. that form in which its es- sence consists: علت غاٴي iﻌllat-i-g̠ẖāʼī, Final cause, or purpose for which it was made. علت فاعلي iﻌllat-i-fāʼiﻌlī, Efficient cause (as the maker, if the work of man): علت مادي iﻌllat-i-māddī, Material cause, or the matter of which the thing is made.

عشاق uﻌshshāḳ A s. plur. (of عاشق) Lovers.

عنصر uﻌnṣur A or uﻌnṣar, s. m. Origin, element.

عداوت aﻌdāwat A (from عدو) s. f. Enmity, hosti- lity, hatred, strife, animosity, hate.

عيار aﻌyār A or iﻌyār (from عير) s. m. A mark, proof. test, standard, assay, touch. ¶ aﻌiyār (adj. superl. of عير) or عيارا aﻌiyārā, adj. Cunning, sly, shrewd, artful. s. m. A knave. A. H. عيارپن aﻌiyār-pan, s. m. Knavery, cunning, slyness. A. P. عيارگي aﻌiyār-gī, s. f. Cunning, slyness.

عقبيٰ uﻌḳbạ̄ A (from عقب) s. m. End, conclusion, accomplishment, futurity, future state.

عاطر āﻌt̤ir A (part. act. of عطر) adj. Odoriferous, benevolent, generous, noble.