اپشاستر उपशास्त्र upa-shāstr S s. m. Sciences connected with, or derived from the Shāstr.

اپہاس उपहास उप and r. हस Laugh upa- hās S. s. m. Laughter, fun, sport.

آجیوکا आजीविका ā-jīvikā S s. f. Means of supporting life, livelihood, subsistence.

او अव ava S prep. From down from, off, away. It is the reverse of आ, and is some- times used to denote deprivation, disgrace, dis- junction, &c.

آل āl A s. f. Children, family, progeny, off- spring, race, dynasty.

اهل ahl A s. m. People, possessor, inhabitant, consort. adj. Fit, capable, worthy. (in com- pos.) Possessed of, endowed with. اهل الله ahlu-llāh, People of God; dervises, fakīrs. اهل باطن ahl-i-bāt̤in, Contemplative. اهل بيت ahl-i-bait (People of the house) Family; (but always meaning) the family of the prophet Muhammad. اهل حرفه ahl-i-ḥirfa, Artificer, artisan. اهل خدمت ahl-i-ḵẖidmat, An officer, one in office under the government. اهل حيانت ahl-i-ḵẖiyānat, Treacherous, perfidious. اهل دل ahl-i-dil, Liberal, brave, generous; dervises. اهل دلق ahl-i-dalḳ, Dervises, mendicants. اهل دول ahl-i-dawal, Possessed of wealth, rich. اهل ذوق ahl-i-ẕauḳ, Addicted to pleasure, a voluptuary. اهل روزگار ahl-i-rozgār, Knowing the world, skil- ful. اهل ريش ahl-i-rīsh, Having a beard; a grown-up man. اهل زمان ahl-i-zamān, Time serving. اهل زمين ahl-i-zamīn, An inhabitant of the earth. اهل زهد ahl-i-zuhd, Continent, devout, pious. اهل سخن ahl-i-suḵẖan, Eloquent. اهل شرع ahl-i-sharﻌ, A legislator, a lawyer, one who observes the law of Muhammad. اهل صفا ahl-i-ṣafā, Pure in heart; a Sūfī; a voluptuary. اهل طاعت ahl-i-t̤āʼaﻌt, Obedient, faithful to God. اهل طبع ahl-i-t̤abﻌ, Possessed of genius, person of genius. اهل طبقه ahl-i-t̤abḳa, One who does not observe the precepts of Muhammad. اهل طريق ahl-i-t̤arīḳ, An observer of the laws of

اشتباه ishtibāh A (inf. viii. of شبه) s. m. Doubt, ambiguity, scruple.

اتهاه a-thāh S̱. adj. Unfathomable, bottomless, very deep. s. An abyss. See اتها athā.

اوگاه augāh H adj. Deep.

آنکه ān-ki P pron. and conj. That that.