ص ṣād called صاد مہمله and صادغيرمنقوطه the four- teenth letter of the Arabic alphabet, does not properly occur in the Persian language; but, in a few words it has, in modern times, been substituted for the original س to distinguish them from others of a different signification; as, in صد, originally سد One hundred; and in شصت originally شست Sixty; to prevent their being confounded with سد A wall, and شست An aim. It has no corresponding let- ter in the Sanskrit alphabet. In Persia and

صواب ṣawāb A (from صاب To hit the mark) s. m.

صلابت ṣalābat A (from صلب) s. f. Firmness, hardness, severity, majesty, dignity.

صفاٴي ṣafā-ī A. s. f. Purity, cleanness, clearness, perspicuity. صفاٴي بتاني ṣafā-ī batānī, To reject a petition without ceremony, to refuse flatly. صفاٴي کرنا ṣafā-i karnā, To make clean work of it, to accomplish fully.

صاحبي ṣāḥib-ī A. s. f. 1. Rule, command, lord- ship. 2. A kind of grape so called. 3. A kind of silk cloth. صاحبي کرنا ṣāḥib-ī karnā, To lord, to rule, to govern.

صرفه ṣarfa A s. f. 1. Expense, expending. 2. Profusion, profit, utility, surplus, redundancy, addition. 3. The twelfth mansion of the moon, a star in the tail of Leo.

صوره ṣūra A. s. See صورت ṣūrat.

صدف ṣadaf A s. f. A shell, a pearl, mother of pearl.

صدقه ṣadḳa A (prop. ṣadaḳa, Heb. ) s. m. 1. Alms. 2. Propitiatory offerings, sacrifice. صدقي جانا يا هونا ṣadḳe-jānā or -honā, To become a sa- crifice for the welfare, &c. of another. صدقي کرنا ṣadḳe karnā, To sacrifice for the welfare, &c. of another.

صعود ṣuʼūﻌd A s. m. Ascent, ascension.